{"id":6607,"date":"2024-09-12T19:02:14","date_gmt":"2024-09-12T16:02:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/?p=6607"},"modified":"2024-10-05T18:15:16","modified_gmt":"2024-10-05T15:15:16","slug":"trump-mi-harris-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/?p=6607","title":{"rendered":"Trump m\u0131 Harris mi ? 1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Birinci B\u00f6l\u00fcm<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daha \u00f6nce yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fum gibi, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda ak\u0131l, ak\u0131lc\u0131l\u0131k (\u00f6zellikle burjuva ak\u0131lc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131) erozyona u\u011frad\u0131. D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda, emek \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine, toplumlar\u0131n en dinamik entelekt\u00fcel yap\u0131lar\u0131na, bilindik burjuva standartlar\u0131nda dahi olsa, kurumsal akla kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6zellikle neo-liberal emperyalizmin son 40 y\u0131l\u0131nda ivme kazand\u0131r\u0131lan planl\u0131, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc sald\u0131r\u0131lar, vasatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 her d\u00fczeyde aranan bir meziyet haline getirdi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ge\u00e7enlerde tan\u0131k oldu\u011fum bir s\u00f6yle\u015fide, ilerici olarak bilinen bir konu\u015fmac\u0131, &#8220;yahu birg\u00fcn Demirel&#8217;i, Ecevit&#8217;i bile arayaca\u011f\u0131m hi\u00e7 akl\u0131ma gelmezdi&#8221; dedi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Asl\u0131nda, tarihsel olarak bakarsan\u0131z, belli bir  toplumsal formasyon i\u00e7inde ekonomi-politik, ideolojik olgu ve olaylar, i\u00e7erikler aras\u0131nda, k\u0131r\u0131lmalara, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015flere olanak tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde bir t\u00fcr s\u00fcreklilik saptamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oluyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mesela, bizim Tanzimat devri boyunca s\u00fcregelen toplumsal,siyasal ve ideolojik tart\u0131\u015fmalar, Cumhuriyet devrinde de daha \u00e7ok yeni ko\u015fullara ya da g\u00fcncele de\u011fgin farkl\u0131l\u0131klarla devam ediyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bizim cumhuriyet Tanzimat metodunun yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ko\u015fullar i\u00e7inde, o siyasal metodu kabullenerek yolunu a\u00e7arken, t\u0131pk\u0131 Tanzimat devrinde oldu\u011fu gibi, eski ve yeninin bir arada var olmaya devam etmesine, daha do\u011frusu ikili yap\u0131lar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na engel olamad\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dahas\u0131, \u00e7ok partili d\u00fczene ge\u00e7ildi\u011finde, siyaset bu teredd\u00fct halini istismar etti. Bu teredd\u00fct halini sanatta, mesela, edebiyat\u0131m\u0131zda da g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Yahya Kemal Beyatl\u0131 bu halin \u00f6zg\u00fcn, sahici bir temsilcisi.  Tanp\u0131nar, Kemal Tahir, Atilla \u0130lhan gibi fig\u00fcrlerse, politikas\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131, kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, s\u00f6z konusu hatt\u0131n revizyonist ve oport\u00fcnist,isterseniz,  hi\u00e7 de sahici olmayan, istismarc\u0131 \u00f6rnekleridir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Elbette, bu t\u00fcr siyasal, ideolojik (elbette bir do\u011frusall\u0131\u011f\u0131 kastetmiyorum) s\u00fcreklilikler ba\u015fka \u00fclkeleri, toplumlar\u0131 da kat ediyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ABD&#8217; de mesela, 60&#8217;l\u0131, 70&#8217;li y\u0131llarda, y\u00f6netici s\u0131n\u0131fla ilgili olarak <strong>iki ideal tip<\/strong> etraf\u0131nda yo\u011funla\u015fan bir tart\u0131\u015fma vard\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re bir tarafta, i\u00e7 sava\u015ftan itibaren siyasal-ideolojik \u00e7er\u00e7evede daha ulusalc\u0131, izolasyoncu, ama bununla birlikte, \u00fclkenin gelece\u011fini Pasifik&#8217;te g\u00f6ren veya g\u00f6rmek isteyen gelenek\u00e7i g\u00fc\u00e7leri temsil eden <strong>Kovboylar<\/strong> vard\u0131. Bunlar\u0131n k\u00f6keni, i\u00e7 sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi Amerika&#8217;y\u0131 y\u00f6neten &#8220;k\u00f6leci G\u00fcney&#8221; idi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bunlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, kozmopolitan, yeniliklere a\u00e7\u0131k, yay\u0131lmac\u0131, \u00fclkenin siyasal-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel gelece\u011fini Avrupal\u0131-modernist ya da Atlantik\u00e7i bir k\u00f6kene (\u00f6zellikle Britanya&#8217;ya) dayanmakta g\u00f6ren  <strong>Yankeeler<\/strong> yer al\u0131yordu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ABD y\u00f6netici s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 bu iki grup aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.  Elbette, bu b\u00f6l\u00fcnme b\u00fct\u00fcn devlet kurumlar\u0131n\u0131 da kat edecekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu modelleme veya yorumlama e\u011filimi entelekt\u00fcel \u00e7evrelerde pop\u00fcler olmu\u015ftu. \u00d6zellikle Caroll Quigley (1910-1977) ve ondan etkilenmi\u015f Carl Oglesby&#8217;nin (1935-2011) kitaplar\u0131, konferanslar\u0131 etraf\u0131nda yap\u0131lan etkili tart\u0131\u015fmalar vard\u0131. Hatta ba\u015fkan se\u00e7ildi\u011finde, bir konu\u015fmas\u0131nda, Bill Clinton entelekt\u00fcel formasyonunun olu\u015fmas\u0131nda Quigley&#8217;nin ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 bir yeri oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu modelde Kovboylar, daha a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak, uluslararas\u0131 damar\u0131 g\u00f6rece zay\u0131f b\u00fcy\u00fck sermayeyi, \u00f6zellikle sanayi sermayesini, onunla \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fen tar\u0131mc\u0131 kapitalistlerle, orta ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli sermaye kesimlerini temsil ediyorlard\u0131. Mesela, Trump sermayedard\u0131r, ama &#8220;Do\u011fu yakas\u0131 finans kapitali&#8221; ni i\u00e7eren  &#8220;ana ak\u0131m sermaye grubu&#8221; na dahil olabilecek kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck (ve tabii tan\u0131m itibar\u0131yla uluslararas\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc) bir sermayeyi kontrol etmiyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yankeelerse, esas olarak, tekelci, globalist finans-sermayesine  dayan\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bu tipin en ideal \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak  Rockefeller ailesi g\u00f6sterilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kuzeyden g\u00fcneye a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak orta b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olan Kovboylar ideolojik olarak g\u00f6rece muhafazak\u00e2r, gelenek\u00e7i, ulusalc\u0131, yer yer \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015flarla an\u0131l\u0131rken, di\u011ferleri, \u00f6zellikle \u00fclkenin en dinamik okullar\u0131n\u0131n, medya d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n, sanat camias\u0131n\u0131n  bulundu\u011fu d\u0131\u015fa a\u00e7\u0131k Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 yakas\u0131nda konumlanm\u0131\u015f, s\u00f6z konusu globalist finans sermayesi taraf\u0131ndan maddi ve manevi anlamda himaye edilen, liberal, liberten, sosyal-demokrat, &#8220;k\u00fclt\u00fcrel marksizm&#8221; ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda faaliyet g\u00f6steren &#8220;yeni-solcu&#8221; ya da &#8220;radikal demokrat&#8221; \u00e7evreleri i\u00e7eriyordu. Bu sonuncular\u0131n bariz bir entelekt\u00fcel ya da k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hegemonyas\u0131, sadece \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda de\u011fil, Atlantik&#8217;in kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131nda da s\u00f6z konusuydu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu modelde, kovboylar ve yankeelerin her zaman \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma halinde olduklar\u0131 iddia edilmiyor, tersine, belli konjonkt\u00fcrlerde bir t\u00fcr uzla\u015fma, bunun siyasal-idari bir ifadesi olarak, koalisyonlar halinde ge\u00e7inip gittikleri vurgulan\u0131yordu. Yani zaman zaman \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u015fiddetlense de (Mesela Lincoln ve Kennedy suikastleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve bu sonuncu suikast\u0131n r\u00f6van\u015f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6sterilen Watergate Olay\u0131 esnas\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi), \u00f6zellikle so\u011fuk sava\u015f d\u00f6neminde, genel olarak, uzla\u015fmac\u0131 bir anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n egemen oldu\u011fu belirtiliyordu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tabii modele g\u00f6re, bu uzla\u015fma d\u00f6nemleri de \u00f6yle p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz i\u015flemiyor, uzla\u015fmalarda zaman zaman k\u0131r\u0131lmalar, geri ka\u00e7malar, tekrar yak\u0131nla\u015fmalar, saf de\u011fi\u015ftirmeler olabiliyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Vietnam Sava\u015f\u0131 ve K\u00fcba Krizi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015flarda, Yankeelerin Kennedy&#8217;nin siyasetinde ifadesini bulan teredd\u00fctleri oldu\u011fu saptan\u0131yor. Ancak, suikastten sonra bir uzla\u015fma hali g\u00f6zlemleniyor (1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu uzla\u015fma, Nixon y\u00f6netiminin erken d\u00f6nemine kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Sonras\u0131nda, Vietnam sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik y\u00fck\u00fc,  alt\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcyle desteklenen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hegemonik dolar\u0131n d\u00fcnya piyasalar\u0131nda bolla\u015fmas\u0131na bir tepki olarak dolar\u0131 itibars\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131ran Bretton Woods&#8217;un Nixon y\u00f6netimine dayat\u0131lmas\u0131, 73&#8217;deki \u0130srail-Arap sava\u015f\u0131na tepki olarak Arap \u00fclkeleri taraf\u0131ndan OPEC kartelinin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n bu kartel taraf\u0131ndan dramatik d\u00fczeylerde artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi fakt\u00f6rler 60&#8217;l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n sonlar\u0131ndan itibaren zaten stagnasyon halinde bulunan Amerikan ekonomisini paralize etti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vietnam&#8217;daki askeri ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k,  b\u00f6ylece ABD&#8217;nin d\u00fcnya toplumu ve tabii m\u00fcttefikleri nezdinde u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 itibar erezyonu, 3.D\u00fcnya tabir edilen \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda anti-Amerikan, anti-emperyalist, anti-kapitalist aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesi Yankeeleri uzla\u015fmay\u0131 bozmaya te\u015fvik etti.  Bu arada, modele referans veren baz\u0131 yorumcular\u0131n Vietnam Sava\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 hareketlerin \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne Yankeelerin gaz verdi\u011fine dair iddialar\u0131 oldu\u011funu da belirteyim. O arada, malum, Watergate patlak verdi. Nixon ala\u015fa\u011f\u0131 edildi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu modelin bug\u00fcn de (a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 veya tadilatla) kullan\u0131labilir oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSCB&#8217;nin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesinden sonra ABD&#8217;de olu\u015fan zafer havas\u0131 fazla uzun s\u00fcrmeyecekti. Daha BOP&#8217;un sahneye konulmas\u0131ndan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra ABD y\u00f6netici s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u00e7atlak sesler, giderek y\u00fckselerek kendisini duyurdu. Ard\u0131ndan bu BOP hamlesinin h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 2008&#8217;deki kapitalizmin b\u00fcy\u00fck krizi, y\u00f6netici s\u0131n\u0131f aras\u0131ndaki siyasal ve ideolojik yar\u0131lmay\u0131 net olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hatta \u00c7ay Partisi olgusunun g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi, yar\u0131lma Kovboylar\u0131n kendi i\u00e7lerinde,  biraz daha sonra da, Demokrat t\u00fcrden &#8220;neo-con&#8221;  \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak Hillary Clinton \u00e7evresinin Obama y\u00f6netiminden k\u0131smen  tasfiyesiyle, ayn\u0131 zamanda, Yankeeler aras\u0131nda da g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak se\u00e7imlere Kovboy kanad\u0131ndan Trump, Yankee kanad\u0131ndan da Biden kat\u0131lacakt\u0131. Ancak her iki kanad\u0131n kendi i\u00e7inde  bu iki fig\u00fcr\u00fcn aday yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in (farkl\u0131 nedenlerle tabii) g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc direni\u015fler oldu. Bu arada, Demokratlar i\u00e7inde sosyal-demokrat kanad\u0131 temsil eden Bernie Sanders ikinci kez (ilki, Hillary Clinton&#8217;\u0131n Trump kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda aday oldu\u011fu ve Trump&#8217;\u0131n kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7im s\u0131ras\u0131nda) saha d\u0131\u015f\u0131na at\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir d\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131 olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131. ABD zay\u0131fl\u0131yor, rakipleri g\u00fc\u00e7leniyordu. Bu d\u00f6neme g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir uzla\u015fmayla girmek gerekiyordu. Ancak bu iki fig\u00fcr\u00fcn yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 mevcut toplumsal ve siyasal yar\u0131lmay\u0131 daha da derinle\u015ftirecek, ABD&#8217;yi zay\u0131flatacakt\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Demokrat Parti&#8217;deki elit, \u015fahin Yankeeler, bir \u00f6nceki se\u00e7imde bask\u0131 yaparak, kendilerinden biri olan Harris&#8217;i ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 yapt\u0131rd\u0131lar. Gelecek se\u00e7imde, ba\u015fkanl\u0131k yapabilecek kapasiteye sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmelerine ra\u011fmen  onun ba\u015fkan aday\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131lar. Ancak, parti \u00fczerinde etkili ve partideki \u015fahinlerin tamam\u0131n\u0131n deste\u011fini de alamad\u0131lar. Harris \u00e7ok yetersizdi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gelgelelim, Biden&#8217;\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n giderek bozuldu\u011funun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, Trump&#8217;\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc iyice a\u00e7\u0131yor, onu adeta rakipsiz b\u0131rak\u0131yordu. Bunu daha olumsuz bir sonu\u00e7 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcyorlard\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trump&#8217;a y\u00f6nelik suikast\u0131n ilk anlaml\u0131 sonucu, Biden&#8217;\u0131n adayl\u0131ktan Harris ad\u0131na \u00e7ekilmeye raz\u0131 edilmesi oldu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NOTLAR:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) Kennedy 1961&#8217;de g\u00f6revine ba\u015flar ba\u015flamaz,  ABD&#8217;deki K\u00fcbal\u0131 m\u00fclteci kar\u015f\u0131-devrimcilerden olu\u015fturulmu\u015f bir askeri grupla, devrimci Castro y\u00f6netimini devirmek i\u00e7in  K\u00fcba&#8217;ya sald\u0131r\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmesi talimat\u0131n\u0131 verdi. Sanki Amerikan devletiyle hi\u00e7 ilgisi yokmu\u015f gibi, gizli, \u00fczerinde devletin ilgili \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin ciddi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve haz\u0131rl\u0131k yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sald\u0131r\u0131 giri\u015fimi olmas\u0131, sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 yapan g\u00fc\u00e7lerin spektak\u00fcler bir yenilgiye u\u011framalar\u0131 ABD &#8220;establishment&#8221; \u0131nda infiale neden oldu. Amerikan devleti hem i\u00e7eride hem d\u0131\u015far\u0131da itibar kayb\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131. Amerika gibi bir &#8220;s\u00fcper g\u00fc\u00e7&#8221; i\u015fi eline y\u00fcz\u00fcne bula\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00dcstelik so\u011fuk sava\u015f\u0131n \u00e7ok \u015fiddetlendi\u011fi bir konjonkt\u00fcrde, bu olaydan sonra K\u00fcba&#8217;daki devrimci y\u00f6netimin SSCB&#8217;ye, topraklar\u0131nda \u00fcs verecek kadar yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131, onu izleyen &#8220;f\u00fcze krizi&#8221;, sonunda ABD&#8217;nin SSCB&#8217;ye taviz vermesi, Kennedy&#8217;nin ipinin \u00e7ekilmesinin nedenleri aras\u0131nda say\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1959&#8217;daki K\u00fcba devrimiyle birlikte,  ve Vietnam&#8217;daki devrimci geli\u015fmelerden sonra \u015fiddetlenen so\u011fuk sava\u015f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak belirledi\u011fi konjonkt\u00fcrde, 1961 se\u00e7imlerinde Kennedy kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yar\u0131\u015fan Nixon&#8217;\u0131n kazanmas\u0131 devleti y\u00f6neten elitlerin ortak arzusuydu. Nixon kaybetti. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kennedy suikastinden, hem 1969&#8217;da nihayet ba\u015fkan se\u00e7ilecek Nixon; hem de \u00f6nce Kennedy&#8217;nin yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden sonra ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011fa atanan, sonraki ilk se\u00e7imde de ba\u015fkan se\u00e7ilen Johnsonn&#8217;\u0131n sorumluluklar\u0131 oldu\u011fu iddia edilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu arada, daha \u00f6nceki yaz\u0131lardan birinde de\u011finmi\u015ftim. Kennedy&#8217;nin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden yakla\u015f\u0131k bir y\u0131l sonra SSCB&#8217;de de Hru\u015f\u00e7ov genel sekreterlikten azlediliyor. Bu bir tesad\u00fcf de\u011fil bence. SSCB&#8217;de, \u00c7in&#8217;de Deng Xiaoping&#8217;in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na benzer bir &#8220;a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m&#8221; \u0131 ondan epey \u00f6nce yapmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen, Brejnev, Kosigin ekibi partinin y\u00f6netimini ele ge\u00e7iriyor. O d\u00f6nemde, SSCB&#8217;nin daha sonraki on y\u0131llarda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesinin yolunu d\u00f6\u015feyen &#8220;detant&#8221; ve &#8220;Helsinki \u015eart\u0131&#8221; vb belirleyici \u00f6neme sahip uluslararas\u0131 giri\u015fimlerle so\u011fuk sava\u015f\u0131n temposunun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Hru\u015f\u00e7ov d\u00fczleyici i\u015flevi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Ancak, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen &#8220;reformlar&#8221; \u0131 uygulayabilecek bir kapasitesi ve y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 yoktu. Kollektif liderli\u011fe a\u00e7\u0131k de\u011fildi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Birinci B\u00f6l\u00fcm Daha \u00f6nce yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fum gibi, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda ak\u0131l, ak\u0131lc\u0131l\u0131k (\u00f6zellikle burjuva ak\u0131lc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131) erozyona u\u011frad\u0131. D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda, emek \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine, toplumlar\u0131n en dinamik entelekt\u00fcel yap\u0131lar\u0131na, bilindik burjuva standartlar\u0131nda dahi olsa, kurumsal akla kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6zellikle neo-liberal emperyalizmin son 40 y\u0131l\u0131nda ivme &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/?p=6607\">Okumaya devam et <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6607","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6607"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6607\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6607"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}