{"id":5381,"date":"2023-06-30T01:01:43","date_gmt":"2023-06-29T22:01:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/?p=5381"},"modified":"2023-07-27T08:36:51","modified_gmt":"2023-07-27T05:36:51","slug":"milliyetcilik-mi-yurtseverlik-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/?p=5381","title":{"rendered":"Milliyet\u00e7ilik mi yurtseverlik mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Milliyet\u00e7ilik kapitalizmi, yani sermaye d\u00fczenini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr. Burjuvazinin ideolojisidir. Burjuva s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 olu\u015furken ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak ulusal bilinci de olu\u015fuyor. \u0130\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f rakip s\u0131n\u0131flar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131f \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu bilin\u00e7 homojen bir ulusal pazar olu\u015fturma ve onun s\u00fcreklili\u011fini sa\u011flama ihtiyac\u0131yla g\u00fcd\u00fclenir. Bu bak\u0131mdan etnik, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, dinsel ve hatta cinsel olarak ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, eleyici, bask\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Ulus\u00e7u ideoloji, pazar\u0131n\u0131, k\u00e2r h\u0131rs\u0131yla g\u00fcd\u00fclenen etki alan\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmek kast\u0131yla uygun ko\u015fullar\u0131 buldu\u011funda sermaye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n sald\u0131rganla\u015fma e\u011filimiyle karakterize edilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Milliyet\u00e7ilik, burjuva ulusal devletin \u00fclke i\u00e7indeki s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin bir arac\u0131 olarak hareket etmesiyle ko\u015fut bir bi\u00e7imde i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ve onun siyasal \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na sald\u0131rmakta ideolojik bir i\u015fleve sahiptir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Burjuvazi \u00f6zellikle de y\u00fckselme d\u00f6neminde,  ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir yurt kurma ideali etraf\u0131nda &#8220;milli d\u00fc\u015fman(lar)&#8221; yaratarak s\u0131n\u0131f \u00e7eli\u015fkilerini bast\u0131rmak ya da \u00f6rtmek i\u00e7in ulusall\u0131\u011f\u0131, toplumsal e\u015fitlik yan\u0131lsamas\u0131n\u0131 destekleyecek \u015fekilde ideolojik bir malzeme haline getirir. Ulusalc\u0131 s\u00f6ylemini emek\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131fa kar\u015f\u0131 bask\u0131 ve sindirme eylemini me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131r. Sermaye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kapitalist \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 &#8220;ulusal \u00e7\u0131kar&#8221; yaftas\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcn topluma dayat\u0131r. Homojenize bir toplum alg\u0131s\u0131 yarat\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Milliyet\u00e7ilik ideolojisi sermaye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n elinde hayli g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve i\u015flevsel bir m\u00fccadele arac\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun nedeni, her ne kadar ulus olarak tan\u0131mlanan  olgunun bile\u015fenleri belli bir co\u011frafyada tarihsel-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve tabii nesnel olarak mevcutlarsa da, bu malzemeden bir ulusal bilin\u00e7 \u00fcretilmesinde milliyet\u00e7ilik ideolojisinin oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli rold\u00fcr. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yurtseverlik emek\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n ideolojisidir. Kamusalc\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131fsal ayr\u0131mlar\u0131 kabul etmeyen, e\u015fitlik\u00e7i bir toplumsal ideali bayrakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Ulusal ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7apta sermaye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131yla m\u00fccadele i\u00e7inde do\u011far. Bu karakteriyle emek\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n enternasyonal dayan\u0131\u015fma platformu \u00fczerinde y\u00fckselir.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sosyalist yurt talebiyle, her t\u00fcrden ulusal, etnik, s\u0131n\u0131fsal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, dinsel, cinsel vb hiyerar\u015fiyi reddeder. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kapitalizm ve yurtseverlik birbirlerini kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak d\u0131\u015flarlar. Yurtseverlik tan\u0131m itibar\u0131yla anti-emperyalisttir. Kapitalizmi reddetmek ise anti-emperyalizmin \u00f6nko\u015fuludur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, paradoksal &#8220;anti-emperyalist milliyet\u00e7ilik&#8221;, &#8220;ilerici milliyet\u00e7ilik&#8221;,  ya da ayn\u0131 imayla kullan\u0131lan,  &#8220;ezilen halk\u0131n milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi&#8221; gibi kavramlar ideolojik sapt\u0131rmad\u0131r. Kapitalizmi ve sermaye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 olumlayan, sosyalizmle bulu\u015fmayan milliyet\u00e7ilikler yurtsever de\u011fildir. Gericidir. \u00d6n\u00fcnde sonunda emperyalistlere biat ederler.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu s\u00f6yledi\u011fim,  emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7lerin i\u015fgalci e\u011filimleriyle tekelci kapitalizmleri aras\u0131nda siyasal ba\u011f kurmakla ilgilenmeyen, dahas\u0131 kapitalist bir d\u00fczen kurmak isteyen konjonkt\u00fcrel anti-emperyalizmlere (ya da &#8220;yedi d\u00fcvel&#8221; i\u015fgalcili\u011fine) referans veren milliyet\u00e7ilikler  i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir.  Bu t\u00fcr hareketler emperyalizme kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131 kazansalar da, sonras\u0131nda ona entegre olmak i\u00e7in \u00e7aba sarfederler. Bu bak\u0131mdan, yurtsever hareketlerden ayr\u0131l\u0131rlar. Gericidirler. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;Atat\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi&#8221; de bu t\u00fcr bir ideoloji olarak gericidir. Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren ulusal kurtulu\u015f\u00e7ular ve sonras\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti devleti emperyalizmle uzla\u015fma, onunla entegrasyon \u00e7abas\u0131 i\u00e7inde olmu\u015ftu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu entegrasyon ta ba\u015f\u0131ndan programatik bir hedefti. Sovyet Rusya fakt\u00f6r\u00fc tamamen konjonkt\u00fcrel bir siyasal koz veya alternatifti. Yurtseverlerin itirazlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen ve direni\u015fleri bast\u0131r\u0131larak s\u00f6z konusu milliyet\u00e7i hedefe ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Atat\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin &#8220;kemalizm&#8221; ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda daha radikal g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcme sahip, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva Kadro ve Y\u00f6n hareketleri etraf\u0131nda form\u00fcle edilmi\u015f \u015fekli de, kapitalist-olmayan imalar ta\u015f\u0131sa da, yurtseverlik tan\u0131m\u0131na uymaz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Neo-liberal bir karakter kazanm\u0131\u015f ge\u00e7 emperyalizm \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda, burjuvazinin y\u00fckseli\u015f devrinde bayrakla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu cumhuriyet\u00e7ilik, laiklik, kamuculuk, e\u015fitlik gibi istemler terk edildikten sonra  ancak sosyalizmle birlikte ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilecek idealler haline gelmi\u015flerdir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sermayenin gerici ideolojisi olarak milliyet\u00e7ilikler bu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmenin \u00f6n\u00fcnde engeldir. Sosyalizm m\u00fccadelesi tan\u0131m itibar\u0131yla yurtsever karakterdedir. Yurtsever sosyalisttir. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Milliyet\u00e7ilik kapitalizmi, yani sermaye d\u00fczenini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr. Burjuvazinin ideolojisidir. Burjuva s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 olu\u015furken ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak ulusal bilinci de olu\u015fuyor. \u0130\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f rakip s\u0131n\u0131flar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131f \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu bilin\u00e7 homojen bir ulusal pazar olu\u015fturma ve onun s\u00fcreklili\u011fini sa\u011flama ihtiyac\u0131yla g\u00fcd\u00fclenir. Bu &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/?p=5381\">Okumaya devam et <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5381","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5381","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5381"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5381\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5381"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5381"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kamilpark.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5381"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}